The four broad stages of NREM sleep include: The amount and type of NREM sleep vary with age and the degree of sleep deprivation. Non-rapid eye movement sleep is what you experience for the remaining three-quarters of your sleep time. REM sleep makes up a larger proportion of the total sleep period in babies (especially premature babies), which suggests that dreams help to mature a developing brain. Sleep researchers have established that at least some eye movements correspond with dream content, which suggests that we watch our dreams like we watch movies on a screen. Most dreams are thought to occur during REM sleep. The sleeper’s eyes tend to dart about under closed lids, hence the name. The brain in REM sleep shows significant electrical activity. It makes up about one-quarter of your night’s sleep. Rapid eye movement sleep occurs regularly during sleep, about once every 90 to 120 minutes.
The two broad categories of sleep include: The brain moves through distinct stages of sleep, over and over, every night. Sleep isn’t a static (unchanging) state of consciousness. New parents lose, on average, between 450 and 700 hours of sleep during their child’s first 12 months of life. Studies show that common distractions from sleep are: It is thought that sleepiness causes about one road accident in six. Most of us feel that we haven’t had enough sleep at least some of the time. The Sleep Health Foundation recommends that adults should aim for 7–9 hours of sleep per night. Today, sleep deprivation is common in developed nations, with the average adult sleeping for only six or seven hours each night. In the morning, exposure to daylight suppresses these hormones and releases brain chemicals to keep you awake. When the sun sets, your brain releases hormones to make you sleepy. The body’s internal clock regulates when and how we sleep depending on the amount of light around us.
Lack of sleep, or sleep deprivation, can cause fatigue, poor concentration and memory, mood disturbances, impaired judgement and reaction time, and poor physical coordination. It refreshes the mind and repairs the body.
Most scientists agree that sleep is important for restoring physical and mental health. Sleep is as essential for good health as oxygen, food and water.
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